| Cosmetics have been a part of civilisation for most | | | | The competition between these firms started during |
| of mankind's history. There is archaeological evidence | | | | the early part of the century and intensified during |
| showing that the first people to use cosmetics to | | | | the ensuing decades. These companies began to |
| enhance personal appeal were the Ancient Egyptians. | | | | mass produce cosmetics and cleverly marketed their |
| One only need glance at a few Egyptian burial | | | | products to women working menial jobs during the |
| exhibits in museums around the world to see that | | | | First and Second World Wars. These women needed |
| makeup was an important part of the Ancient | | | | an escape, and cosmetics often made them feel |
| Egyptian culture. | | | | better about themselves and their circumstances. |
| It is also obvious from artwork and literature that the | | | | The popularity of television in the 1960s also changed |
| societies of Rome and Ancient Greece used | | | | the way cosmetics were marketed to women. |
| cosmetics as well. There are even mentions of | | | | National companies advertised freely on daily and |
| cosmetics scattered throughout the Bible. In addition | | | | weekly soap operas. Stay-at-home moms revelled in |
| to these cultures, cosmetics were used throughout | | | | these programs and became loyal to the advertisers |
| history by people in other parts of the Middle East, | | | | sponsoring them. The result was that woman from |
| China and Japan. | | | | every socioeconomic class became purchasers of |
| During the Middle Ages the use of cosmetics fell | | | | cosmetics, as they strived to emulate television |
| precipitously low, mainly because religious leaders | | | | heroines. |
| claimed that the use of cosmetics was akin to | | | | During the latter half of the 20th century, a minor |
| harlotry (immorality or prostitution) and was a sign of | | | | backlash began to form against some of the |
| a person’s sinful nature. This belief persisted for | | | | marketing and production practices used by many of |
| centuries until the advent of the Renaissance. | | | | the cosmetics companies. Some policies that were |
| From the Renaissance period to the Industrial | | | | especially outrageous to consumers included animal |
| Revolution, both men and women began to use | | | | testing, false advertising and ethically questionable |
| cosmetics again in an attempt to disguise their | | | | marketing to young children. |
| agrarian looks. Farmers and other labourers who | | | | During the 1990s, the last decade of the century, in |
| worked outside often had darker complexions, while | | | | an effort to win back consumer confidence, many |
| the nobles making up the upper strata of society | | | | cosmetics companies, including MAC and Sephora, |
| often had fair skin. It was common for the general | | | | decided to pursue sustainable strategies, end testing |
| public to attempt to lighten their skin in an attempt | | | | on animals and use packaging made up of recyclable |
| to look like the ladies and lords they admired. | | | | or bio-degradable materials. It’s a movement |
| Makeup and other cosmetics exploded in popularity | | | | that continues to gather momentum with better |
| during the early years of the 20th century. This | | | | educated consumers insisting on quality, proof of |
| boom can be attributed to women trying to emulate | | | | efficacy and ethical behaviour. |
| their favourite singers and dancers as the advent of | | | | Cosmetics have been an integral part of society since |
| Hollywood fashion turned the use of cosmetics from | | | | the earliest civilizations, and it is clear from their |
| a fad into a raging phenomenon. This era also | | | | success in today's market that, despite some set |
| precipitated the blossoming of major cosmetics | | | | backs, people enjoy using makeup so cosmetics are |
| companies such as L’Oreal, Revlon and Estee | | | | here to stay. |
| Lauder. | | | | |