| A spade is a tool designed primarily for | | | | cotton cloth pressure-sensitive adhesive |
| the purpose of digging or removing | | | | tape used in the motion picture, |
| earth. | | | | television, stage (music and theater) |
| Etymology | | | | and audio visual production. The tape is |
| The word in Old English is spaedu, | | | | manufactured in many colors, including |
| cognate forms being Dutch, Swedish and | | | | fluorescent and custom colours, but the |
| Danish spade, German Spaten; also | | | | most common variety is matte black. This |
| related is spoon. It is derived from the | | | | matte finish keeps the tape from |
| Greek spathe, a broad blade of wood or | | | | reflecting light so the tape blends in |
| metal, and so used of the blade of an | | | | with the typical stage floor of a |
| oar or sword,which was latinized as | | | | theatre. |
| spatha, and used of a broad paddle for | | | | The tape is most likely named for the |
| stirring liquid, of a piece of wood used | | | | gaffer, the head of the lighting |
| by weavers for driving home the woof, | | | | department on a film crew. |
| and particularly of a broad two-edged | | | | Gaffer tape is easily torn by hand so no |
| sword military without a point, as in | | | | cutting tools are necessary. The |
| the title spatharius. | | | | adhesive used is a high quality |
| The Spanish playing cards had swords for | | | | synthetic rubber[citation needed] which |
| the suit which we know as spades, and | | | | leaves little or no residue when |
| the suit was called espada, hence spade | | | | removed, in contrast to duct tape. When |
| in English; in Dutch schoppen, which | | | | cables are taped down on a stage or |
| also means 'spades', not swords. | | | | other surface, either for safety or to |
| Designs of spades | | | | keep them out of view of the audience or |
| Spades are made in many shapes and | | | | camera, they are said to be gaffed or |
| sizes, for a variety of different | | | | gaffered. |
| functions and jobs. There are many | | | | A narrow version of gaffers tape, called |
| different designs used in spade | | | | spike tape, is used in many colors for |
| manufacturing. The most common spade is | | | | stage and theatre floor layout. |
| a garden spade, which typically has a | | | | White gaffers tape is also used |
| long handle, is wide, and is treaded | | | | extensively by live sound engineers who |
| (has rests for the feet to drive the | | | | place a strip along the bottom of the |
| spade into the ground). An Irish spade | | | | mixing board allowing them to label the |
| is similar to a common garden spade, | | | | channels used for a particular show. |
| with the same general design, although | | | | A mosquito net offers protection against |
| it has a much thinner head. A turfing | | | | mosquitos, flies, and other insects, and |
| iron has a short, round head, and it | | | | thus against diseases such as malaria. |
| used for cutting and parring off turf. A | | | | Its fine, see-through, mesh construction |
| digging fork, or grape, is forked, much | | | | stops many insects from biting and |
| like a pitchfork and is useful for | | | | disturbing the person using the net. The |
| loosening ground, and gardening. | | | | mesh is fine enough to exclude these |
| Digging tool | | | | insects, but it does not completely |
| In gardening, a spade is a hand tool | | | | impede the flow of air. |
| used to dig or loosen ground, or to | | | | Mosquito nets are often used where |
| break up clumps in the soil. Together | | | | malaria or other insect-borne diseases |
| with the fork it forms one of the chief | | | | are common, especially as a tent-like |
| implements wielded by the hand in | | | | covering over a bed. For effectivenesss, |
| agriculture and horticulture. It is | | | | it is important that the netting not |
| sometimes considered a type of shovel. | | | | have holes or gaps large enough to allow |
| Its typical shape is a broad flat blade | | | | insects to enter. Because insects can |
| with a sharp lower edge, straight or | | | | bite through the net, the net must not |
| curved. The upper edge on either side of | | | | rest directly on the skin. |
| the handle affords space for the used's | | | | Mosquito nets treated with insecticides |
| foot, which drives it into the ground. | | | | -- known as insecticide treated nets |
| The wooden handle ends in a cross-piece, | | | | (ITNs) -- were developed in the 1980s |
| sometimes T-shaped and sometimes forming | | | | for malaria prevention. These nets, |
| a kind of loop for the hand. | | | | impregnated with a pyrethroid |
| Small and/or plastic toy versions of the | | | | insecticide like deltamethrin or |
| same tool are used to dig sand castles | | | | permethrin, kill and repel mosquitos. |
| on a beach or in a sand-box. | | | | Unfortunately, standard ITNs must be |
| Other use | | | | replaced or re-treated with insecticide |
| In the oil and chemical process | | | | after six washes and, therefore, are not |
| industries, a spade is a round piece of | | | | seen as a convenient, effective |
| metal with a small tab that is placed in | | | | long-term solution to the malaria |
| between two pipe flanges to give | | | | problem. |
| positive isolation from the central | | | | As a result, the mosquito netting and |
| atom; usually to prevent cross | | | | pesticide industries teamed up to |
| contamination between fluids or to allow | | | | develop so-called long-lasting |
| work on the line. The name comes from | | | | insecticidal mosquito nets (LLINs), |
| the shape: a little like a garden spade. | | | | which also use pyrethroid insecticides, |
| The small tab lets one see that the | | | | but are also treated with a chemical |
| spade is in place. | | | | binder that allows the nets to be washed |
| gaffer's tape, gaff tape, gaffa tape, | | | | at least 20 times, allowing use for |
| gaffing tape, cloth tape) is a strong | | | | three or more years. |